If one raises a question about those issues Pakistan is going through from previous many years and still couldn’t be able to control the issue, a list can be made as an answer to this question. Pakistan has faced major challenges in its socioeconomic situation over the past seventy years. However, not all problems have been overcome. These Challenges include water scarcity; the lack of development projects; Low Literacy rate; the increase in non-developmental expenditures; the increase in public debt; the unequal distribution of wealth; the rising Deprivation of basic needs of life and the failure to effectively implement the local bodies system, which is considered the basis for democracy.
Shortage of Water:
One of the major issues the country is facing is a shortage of water. According to research by the American University, Pakistan is among the top ten countries in the world which are suffering from a water crisis. Handling this water crisis will not be easy. It is necessary that work on the Kalabagh and Diamer-Basha Dams be completed at the earliest possible opportunity.
If these three dams are completed, then lot of water will be saved from being wasted which may aid in reducing the water shortage.
If these dams are not constructed, Pakistan will face a drinking water crisis and its agriculture sector will be destroyed. In Pakistan, agriculture has a deep connection with other industries, such as the textile and pesticide industries. Due to a lack of water, both agriculture and agriculture-related industries are on the brink of total collapse. The agricultural sector is affected by both the lack of water as well as the government’s neglect: such as not providing reasonable support prices or subsidies on fertilizers and seeds.
PUBLIC DEBT IS INCREASING BECAUSE OF WHICH WE MUST PAY ATTENTION TO THE VALUE OF THE RUPEE
Air pollution Challenges
Air pollution is another major issue. The country’s climate is getting worse day by day, for which trees must be planted. The increasing severity of floods and silting of dams is leading to decrease in their storage capacity as a result of deforestation.
In the future, the water crisis will more serious than the load shedding crisis. While the load shedding crisis has been somewhat overcome, our transmission lines are worn out which causes the entire power system to keep on tripping. Timely action is needed to address this issue so that the requirements of the growing population can be fulfilled. . Thus, even if we were able to generate more electricity, load shedding would still not be reduced because of the lack of capacity in the transmission system.
There is a lack of sustainable development projects in Pakistan. The number of youth in our country is constantly increasing, which means that unemployment is growing rapidly as well. That is why technical education needs to be provided. B-Tech education and other technical education should be made available to everyone. .
Population
The country’s current population is more than 210 million. The growing population has a negative impact on the country reserves and depletes resources. Unchecked population growth can be extremely detrimental to Pakistan’s development. For this, a family planning emergency must be triggered and must be enforced.
Unequal Distribution of Wealth
The country faces an unequal distribution of wealth. In Pakistan the rich became richer and the poor became poorer. . The local bodies system from Article 140 of the constitution states that power should be transferred to the lower levels of government. When this transition finally occurs, it will improve the condition of the public as well.
The country’s tax net needs to expand as only a small segment of the population pays tax. Landlords, civil and military bureaucracy, large companies, bank owners, and housing society owners are included in the elite of Pakistan and are given special privileges in the form of tax cuts to avoid certain taxes.
- Non-developmental funds should be reduced. Attention needs to be paid to issues like food security, education, and health.
- If the democratic government plays more proactive as well as assertive role in foreign policy, it is likely that relations with our neibouring countries including Afghanistan and India would improve. Spending on defense could be reduced and this money could be applied to development projects, health, and education.
Few other issues which are prevailing in Pakistan are
- Freedom of Expression
- Attacks on Civil Society Groups
- Freedom of Religion and Belief
Abuses against Women and Girls - Children’s Rights
Attacks on the Political Opposition
Terrorism - Counterterrorism and Law Enforcement Abuses
- Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Disability Right Poverty Illiteracy
Overpopulation - Inflation
- Lawlessness
- Unemployment Favoritism
- Ferocity
- Bombing
Now the question is what measures can be made to sort out these problems? The most important thing that should be focused on is strengthening the democracy. In the past, most of the worst decisions took place under dictators. The country’s future possibilities for development and prosperity depend on the continuation of democracy in the country.
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